Formalin

Formalin, also known as formaldehyde solution or formalin solution, is a colorless, strong-smelling liquid that contains formaldehyde dissolved in water. Here’s a description of formalin:

Physical Properties:

• Color: Formalin is usually colorless, although it may appear slightly yellowish due to impurities.
• Odor: It has a pungent, characteristic odor that is often described as suffocating or irritating. The odor is detectable even at low concentrations.
• Density: The density of formalin is slightly higher than that of water.
• Solubility: Formalin is highly soluble in water, forming a clear solution.

Uses:

1. Disinfectant: Formalin is a powerful disinfectant and preservative due to its ability to kill microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is commonly used in healthcare settings, laboratories, and the preservation of biological specimens.
2. Tanning Agent: In the leather industry, formalin is used as a tanning agent to stabilize collagen fibers and prevent decay in animal hides.
3. Textile Industry: Formalin is used in the textile industry as a finisher for fabrics, providing wrinkle resistance and crease recovery properties.
4. Wood Preservation: It is employed in the treatment of wood products to prevent decay and insect infestation.
5. Resin Production: Formalin serves as a key raw material in the production of various resins, including urea-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins (phenolic resins), and melamine-formaldehyde resins.